Annona muricata leaves and fruits are known to possess notable pharmacological properties; however, a comprehensive analysis of their secondary metabolites remains limited. This study aimed to quantify the secondary metabolites present in various solvent extracts of A. muricata leaves and fruits. Among the solvents tested, ethanol extracts exhibited the highest concentrations of phenolic acids and flavonoids. The leaves contained significantly higher levels of secondary metabolites compared to the fruits. Major phenolic acids identified in the leaves included vanillic, syringic, ferulic, and salicylic acids, whereas ferulic acid was predominant in the fruits. Additionally, the contents of flavonoids, terpenoids and anthocyanins were higher in leaf extracts, while fruit extracts were richer in organic and fatty acids. Ethanol extracts also demonstrated notable antibacterial activity. These findings suggest that ethanol-extracted soursop leaves are a rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites with promising potential as natural antioxidants for the management of inflammatory disorders.
